Competitions, like training, are constrained by artificial parameters and can be just as poor a measure of ability as simply training forms. What results is, “You become good at competition!!” and nothing more!!
It is the ability to perceive clearly the danger and adapt to the changing circumstances of real-life circumstances that allow for a true test of abilities. It is not possible to truly do this without engaging in numerous “real” fights. Pretend fighting is never the same as true fighting!! The difficulty of training in MA has always been how to gain the most realistic experience with a minimum of risk to our safety. Most testing of skill involves a duel-like format which is not realistic. Most of us are more likely to find ourselves involved in a circumstance at home or in public where furniture and other people become environmental obstacles to be avoided. We are not likely to have the luxury of a 12-18 foot circle with no obstacles!
The secret then is not in the physical application of technique, and I am not negating its benefit, but in the mental application of principles!
There are psychological factors involved when we experience REAL danger that cannot be trained for without actually experiencing danger, but they can be prepared for. I worked with a Special Forces man (fought in Vietnam) many years ago. He participated in many of the super secret, across the boarder, activities in Laos and Cambodia! He used to laugh at the macho S.E.R.T. members of the prison where I worked. He told me that no one can predict how they will really behave in a real-life dangerous circumstance until it happens. He said those you thought would wet their pants stand and fight and the macho cry for their mama’s!! He said you don’t know how you will react until it REALLY happens no matter how well you are trained!. I don’t think anyone would say Special Forces don’t train for combat!! He also said that even an experienced fighter will react differently depending on each circumstance. He said that sometimes you stand and fight and sometimes you turn tail and run!!!
When engaging in self-defense it is important to distinguish between “defending” oneself and “defeating” the enemy. It is not always necessary to defeat the enemy, as is necessary in competition, only secure your safety. Pushing hands is a physical skill that demonstrates or manifests principles of Tao through physical action. The principles are actually psychological in nature and are applied and demonstrated physically. Psychological principles and their application are more significant than the physical presentation of them. Tai Chi should be practiced as physical action used to acquire, develop, train or teach these psychological principles!
I am reminded of a well known story concerning a Japanese Zen Master and hermit named Shoju (1642-1721). Shoju was teacher to Hakuin another well known Japanese Zen Master. On one occasion Shoju was invited to observe a training session for master swordsmen. The swordsmen voiced admiration for Shoju’s Zen, but questioned its practicality for swordsmen. Shoju invited the swordsmen to attack him and they obliged him, all attacking at once. Not one was able to strike Shoju but he was able to rap each one at least once on the head with his fan. Amazed and humbled by this demonstration the swordsmen asked Shoju his secret. Shoju replied, “If your eye is true and your mind unobstructed, there is nothing you cannot overcome, including a sword attack!!!”This is the true purpose of Tai Chi, not to overcoming adversaries, but oneself!! By mastering ourselves we master all!!!