While I was taught Yi Ji Kim Yeung Mah as:
= Yi, Two
= Ji, Word
= Kim, Clamp/Grip
= Yeung, Goat
= Mah, Horse (stance)
from my Moy Yat Ving Tsun Kuen background, this is not the translation I have learned from my education in Hung Fa Yi Wing Chun Kuen. As LoneTiger108 pointed out the alternative translation, we also point to this translation:
= Yi, Two
= Ji, Word
= Kim, Clamp/Grip
= Yeung/Yang
= Horse (Stance)
In this instance, the pronunciation of Goat and “Yang” are very similar and be easily confused as “Yeung”. For one, the Yin-Yang theory is also referred to as Yim-Yeung. and sound very similar but a two totally different words.
Yeung in the “alternative” character ()has a few meanings: [1] positive (electricity) [2] male; masculine [3] the sun; sunlight; solar.
While I think most people would chalk this up to just a difference in words, I am more inclined to ask “why”.
To play a bit of devil’s advocate (no offense intended to anyone) and more to the point of the Wing Chun art supposedly being focused away from animal-style based kung fu mechanics, I find it contradictory for the “mother stance” of Wing Chun to be based on the notion of holding down sheep/goats with your knees. Why? What does that have to do with combat? Is Wing Chun based on Snake, Crane, and Goats? Wing Chun is first and foremost a human-structured based system which sets it apart from using the more “traditional” Shaolin animal kung fu mechanics.
Let’s then ask ourselves what exactly does holding down sheep/goats have with the art of Wing Chun? Do we hold such reverence for the farmers and countryside people who tended to livestock as to use that as a base for the entire art? How many of you practice your Yi Ji Kim Yeung Mah training over a goat?
I also heard that another explanation was that on the Red Boats this stance was used to steady oneself for training. If so, once again we have an occurrence of the stance being driven by environmental circumstances. How many of you have successfully held your Yi Ji Kim Yeung Mah AND do Wing Chun on a moving boat? I’ve tried this a few times at 25 knots (about 29 mph) and 40 knots (about 46 mph) on smooth and rough waters. I can tell you it doesn’t work and is completely impractical to use for that environment.
From what I gather on the Yeung/Yang version (), this use must be in reference to the Yin-Yang/Yim-Yeung Theory of balance and harmony. In Hung Fa Yi Wing Chun Kuen, the Heaven Human Earth concept is a central theme of the science. The Yin-Yang symbol is most illustratively presented at the base of the Hung Fa Yi Wing Chun logo designated as the Earth element. This can be emblematic to the reasoning that at the foundation of all things, balance and harmony must be established first before engaging external forces. Hence why in Siu Nim Tao we learn to be still first, so that as we develop the ability to influence other forces through our Pak, Taan, Bong, etc… we discover our greatest strength is in our ability to hold our ground. Later when we move our horse to advance or adjust, it is done so with the essence of the Yi Ji Kim Yeung Mah intact rather than left behind. This explanation holds more substance as it resonates with the scientific basis of the Wing Chun art, for me, than the alternative.