Hi Kevin,
The White Ape story is set during the Warring States period. It is based on some historic true and some fictional events and characters. Basically it is about the struggle between 2 fellow disciples of one famous Daoist master … drum rolls …
Gui Gu Zi (Ghost Valley Sage) whose name is in fact … drum rolls …
Wang Xu with an extended name or rather Wang Yi with an extended name
Personally, I believe that the second set - Wang Yi (surname) (cicada)with a extended name (to assist as if lending a pair of wings) fits the Gui Gu Zi mythical profile a lot better. Please bare in mind that traditional burial would have jade cicada cravings covering all the holes of the corpse in order to help the spirit and the body stay in tact to retain the chance of immortality albeit this is meant symbolically rather than literally.
So you can see the possible association between Wang Lang (a person whose Surname is Wang) and even the inspiration of the mantis catches cicada story.
Now the 2 disciples are (Sun Bin) representing the Qi state in Shandong Province and (Pang Juan) representing the Wei State in Henan Province. So their rivalry also applied symbolic of the struggle between the Manchurian (Northeastern based) and the Han people (Mid- Southern based). This is why the Wang Lang story being set during the late Ming and early Qing dynasty. However, Shandong also have deep roots of Zhou dynasty culture which is considered the zenith of Chinese culture. So the triumph of the Qi state, which is one of the most significant feudal states of the Zhou dynasty, is no doubt an aspiration of the Chinese people to eventually overcome the Manchurian rule perhaps appealing to cultural supremacy.
The central theme or rather the lesson is the 7 martial virtues of all time especially (filial piety). BTW, Imperial martial exams held during the Song and Ming dynasties requires the candidate to read the Classic of Filial Piety. This is also why filial piety is the most important martial virtue and it is main premise of the White Ape store. This is important especially for the armed escort trade which also where the rebellion elements including all kinds of secret societies and cults could be found.
There is a remarkable similarity between the story of Wang Lang and Sun Bin.
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they both went to Henan Province From Shandong Province.
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they both learn from famous institution. Wang learn in the Shaolin Abbot. Sun learn form the Gui Gu Zi.
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both have a Sixiong who overcome them in the beginning.
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both eventually triumph over the Sixiong “miraculously”.
Anyway, just going through both stories, I am sure you will find more “coincidences”.
As for , he is indeed a character in the Fei Long Quan Zhuan novel. His is actually kind of a comic relief version of General Zhang Fei who has a black face and a sworn brother of the protagonist. 's character is supposed to be the incarnation of the God of martial fortune, who’s “ride” is … drum rolls … Black Tiger! He is also the sworn brother of Tai Zu in the novel.
So at least one third of the 18 family are fictional (Wang Lang included).
That’s my take on the matter for now. 