Another article on History of Kung Fu
A Millennium History of Kung Fu
Kung Fu, the term now universally known for Chinese martial arts, is the result of a fascinating evolution that has its roots in the antiquity of China. This unique cultural heritage, a true synthesis of physical exercises, combat techniques and philosophy, has crossed the centuries, transforming and adapting to the historical and social contexts of each era.
history of kung fuOrigins and Evolution of Kung Fu
The First Fruits in Antiquity
The origins of Kung Fu date back to ancient times, where martial dances such as the “play of horns” (jiaodixi ) and the “dance of axes and shields” (ganqiwu ) were practiced within societies clans. These practices, much more than simple physical exercises, were imbued with ritual values and constituted a means of building character, maintaining good health, and training soldiers.
As early as the Shang (16th-11th century BCE) and Zhou (11th century-256 BCE) dynasties, the “shield and halberd dance” was integrated into the physical education curriculum, testifying to the growing importance martial arts in Chinese society.
Consolidation under Dynasties and Military Influence
Under the Spring and Autumn (770-476 BCE) and Warring States (475-221 BCE) periods, the emphasis on martial techniques strengthened, with the organization of annual examinations intended to select the elite warriors. The Qin (221-206 BCE) and Han (202 BCE-220) dynasties saw the appearance of choreographed disciplines, ancestors of taolu , marking a key stage in the evolution of Kung Fu.
The Golden Age under the Tang and Song
The Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1276) dynasties constitute a golden age for Kung Fu, with a proliferation of practices among the people, the organization into martial arts societies and communities, and the integration of these disciplines in the mandarin exams. These eras bear witness to the vitality and deep roots of Kung Fu in Chinese culture.
Diversification and Institutionalization under the Ming and Qing
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Zhongguotiyujiaolianganwei .
Zhangshanzhubian .
Renmintiyuchubanshe , 1999.
Zhonghuawushucidian .
Anhuirenminchubanshe , 1987.
Jacques Gernet, Le Monde Chinois, Armand Colin, 2003.
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