Two more Sutra reviews
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November 5th, 2009
Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui’s Sutra
Awake in the world
Philip Szporer
Inspired by the martial arts of Buddhist monks, Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui’s Sutra finds a profound cultural connection
Located in the magnificent, sacred Songshan Mountains in China’s Henan Province, the thick stoned-walled Shaolin Temple, engraved with ancient inscriptions, has a serenity that seems to reach right to the soul. This austere place and the message of peace imbued by the martially trained Buddhist monks living there inspired Belgian dance sensation Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui’s latest creation, Sutra.
While the philosophy and explosiveness of kung fu fuelled Cherkaoui’s journey to the East, it also became his portal of discovery and learning. “It was a journey that broadened my conception of the body,” says the ingenious 33-year-old dancer-choreographer, on the line from Antwerp, readying himself for a four-night run in Montreal, part of Danse Danse’s fall program.
The road to the monks met Cherkaoui’s need to continue an imaginative life, at least for a time, beyond the geography, history and high-velocity energies of Europe. “I felt tired and trapped. [There], people in the art and dance world are way too much in their mind, and not enough in the body.” At the vanguard of Flemish new dance, the warm and intelligent Cherkaoui is perhaps best known for his creative collaborations with the Ballets C. de la B. and the British contemporary kathak dance artist Akram Khan.
War and peace
As a child, Cherkaoui’s hero was Bruce Lee. The martial arts master’s very specific understanding of the human dynamics of change and his philosophical worldview to “seek answers and improvement” affected him deeply. “Real combat is not fixed and is very much ‘alive’” was Lee’s maxim, and he spoke about drawing from nature, from elemental forces. “Through [Lee],” says Cherkaoui, “I delved deeper into kung fu, to the Shaolin school of Chan [or Zen] Buddhism.”
For Sutra (the word stands for the sermons or scriptural narratives of Buddha and is the generic term for rules and aphorisms), Cherkaoui’s martial arts quest connected with the Shaolin monks’ understanding of movement, their complete identification and interconnectedness with various animals, and their remarkable ability to become the essence of a tiger, crane or snake - elements that also resonated with Cherkaoui’s increasing inclination to move with more animal-like qualities.
Arriving in a new locale, Cherkaoui admits he’s “a bit like a chameleon, trying to get the colours of a place. A part of me transforms and tries to fit in, to be useful. Then I don’t feel homesick, I’m there with a purpose.”
His journey began in May 2007, as he met the temple’s abbot, Master Shi Yongxin, and observed the monks training in kung fu and t’ai chi martial arts doctrine. These spiritually and physically toned men are warrior-fit yet pacifist, and work religiously at the temple, immersed in strict study. (The Shaolin monks sent abroad to commercially showcase their art are not from this original temple.) In this landscape, Cherkaoui relished “how healthy they were in their body, and how they attained strength from this harsh and complex system [of movement]. What they’ve become is superhuman.”
Cherkaoui’s ultimate goal was not to turn these “open, respectful and disciplined” monks into dancers, but he did generate a sense of elegance close to dance: “I was privileged to learn about their moves, about their quickness and shifts.”
All 17 monks performing in Sutra are at least 10 years younger than Cherkaoui - the diminutive child-monk Shi Yandong, known as Dong Dong, is just 12 - and mesmerize with amazing back flips and gravity-defying jumps. At one point they appear in Western suits: “It helps them incarnate [their roles]. If they stay in monk’s garb, they’d remain exotic and distant.”
Cultural combination
Cherkaoui, once described as having “the suppleness of a contortionist and the fanaticism of a flagellant,” performs a particular role in the piece. “My character is a bit like the Magician’s Apprentice in Fantasia, but not so innocent. I’m a bit like a wanderer, manipulating them and vice-versa. There’s real interaction.”
Cultural exchange is a recurring theme reflected in Cherkaoui’s prolific work. As his name implies, his own identity is a mix of cultures - his father Moroccan-born, his mother Belgian. “We’re all the product of two people, the [beauty] of a mix,” he said in conversation earlier this year at the Jacob’s Pillow Dance Festival. “This is what I want to talk about - we are all not pure.”
Sutra’s score, played live, was written for piano, percussion and strings by talented Polish composer Szymon Brzoska. His emotional, melancholic and tonal composition flows, drawing on the sanctity of the temple and exploring its sensual and spiritual dimensions. The music “generates a sense of dance, and helps me create the right atmosphere,” says Cherkaoui.
Turner Prize-winning English sculptor Antony Gormley became Cherkaoui’s visual counterpart, designing five-sided, human-sized hollow boxes (a concept from his Allotment 11 piece) that mutate as functional set elements: The monks move in, on and under them, the shifting forms suggestive of playful Lego pieces just as they are symbolic of temples, graveyards, pillars and sanctuary.
Cherkaoui came to China with a sense of absence, to reflect on the philosophy of emptiness; he left with a sense of fullness. Surrounded by the monks, he no longer felt marginal, but part of the norm. “It was wonderful not to have to explain anything. We were kindred spirits. I felt I belonged and it gave me hope.” Giving audiences access to these monks is a privilege, and while we register their prowess, Cherkaoui also masterfully shifts our gaze to their inherent poetry.
Sutra
At Théâtre Maisonneuve, Place des Arts, to Nov. 7
www.dansedanse.net
November 5th, 2009
Sutra: Kung fu and pop culture
Way of the dragon
Roseanne Harvey
Bruce Lee brought kung fu to the Western masses, but its sustained appeal transcends the big screen
Almost 40 years after California-born, Hong Kong-raised Bruce Lee became the most famous and ubiquitous representative of kung fu in Western culture, he remains an icon of Chinese martial arts. While kung fu has many forms, the charismatic, movie-star masters capture our collective imagination.
“I think that we’re so fascinated with kung fu guys because they seem almost superhuman,” says Paul de Tourreil, a Montreal-based Shaolin White Crane kung fu teacher (shaolinwhitecranekungfu.com) who has been studying the martial art with Lorne Bernard for almost 20 years. “It gives us something to aspire to. Kung fu is beautiful and difficult to do.”
De Tourreil, who teaches kung fu at the Parc YMCA and UQAM sports centre and choreographs fight scenes for theatre productions, says that, for him, when it comes to big-name inspiration, Jet Li has the moves and chooses movie roles that also embody martial art values. He also cites Yuen Woo-ping, the kung fu choreographer for The Matrix, the Kill Bill movies and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.
Martial arts have an artistic and spiritual component, and to practise seriously is to devote oneself to persistent training. The literal meaning of the word “kung fu” is “great skill due to diligent effort.”
According to de Tourreil, the appeal of kung fu has three elements: self-defence, health and enlightenment. The Shaolin monks represent the latter two. “They train and exercise, they don’t smoke or drink. They are exceptional examples
and role models for holistic health.”
As for the enlightenment part of the equation, de Tourreil comments, “These young monks own the tools of violence but choose not to use them.” Not only among the monks but among all kung fu practitioners, there is a code of conduct for physical and mental behaviour.
While kung fu is rooted in Chinese culture and spirituality, its international appeal is undeniable. The discipline is almost an art form, with a visual appeal based on the human body’s phenomenal abilities, reminding us that no matter how limited we might feel in our day-to-day lives, inside us all is a fighter, ready to be coaxed out through training, diligence and hard work.